If you’re enrolled in Medicare, open enrollment is your yearly chance to review your coverage and make changes that better fit your health needs or budget. Whether you want to switch from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage plan, change prescription drug plans, or simply shop for a better fit, knowing how and when to take action is key. Medicare’s open enrollment window is short, so planning ahead can help you avoid rushed decisions or missed opportunities. Here’s how to navigate the process step by step.
What Is Medicare Open Enrollment?
Medicare open enrollment—also called the Annual Election Period (AEP)—runs from October 15 to December 7 each year. During this window, people with Medicare can:
Switch from Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) to a Medicare Advantage (Part C) plan
Switch from Medicare Advantage back to Original Medicare
Change from one Medicare Advantage plan to another
Enroll in, change, or drop a Part D prescription drug plan
Any changes you make during this time will go into effect on January 1 of the following year.
Why You Might Want to Switch Plans
Even if your current plan is working fine, it’s smart to review your options every year. Plans can—and often do—change their:
Monthly premiums
Deductibles and co-pays
Drug formularies (what medications they cover)
Provider networks
Additional benefits (like dental, vision, or wellness perks)
If you’ve had any health changes, started new medications, or noticed higher costs, it might be time to make a switch.
Step-by-Step: How to Review and Switch Medicare Plans
Step 1: Review Your Current Coverage
Start by gathering your plan documents, such as:
Your Annual Notice of Change (ANOC)—a letter sent by your plan that outlines any upcoming changes
Your current Medicare Summary Notice (MSN) or Explanation of Benefits (EOB)
Ask yourself:
Did I pay more out of pocket this year than expected?
Were my preferred doctors or hospitals covered?
Were all my prescriptions included in the plan’s formulary?
Step 2: Compare Your Options
Use Medicare’s official Plan Finder tool at Medicare.gov to explore available plans in your area. You can filter by:
Monthly premiums and deductibles
Prescription drug coverage
Preferred pharmacies and mail-order options
In-network doctors and hospitals
Extra benefits like dental, hearing, or transportation
Tip: Even if you’re happy with your plan, comparing once a year ensures you’re not overpaying or missing out on better coverage.
Step 3: Check Provider and Drug Lists
Before choosing a new plan:
Confirm that your doctors, specialists, and hospitals are in-network
Double-check that your prescriptions are covered and the cost tiers haven’t changed
Review the plan’s Star Rating, which reflects customer satisfaction and quality of care
Step 4: Contact the New Plan (If You’re Ready to Enroll)
Once you find a plan you like:
Call the plan provider directly to enroll
Enroll through the Medicare website
Call Medicare at 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227)
Work with a licensed Medicare broker for one-on-one help
When switching plans, you don’t need to cancel your old one—enrolling in a new plan automatically discontinues the previous one, effective January 1.
Step 5: Keep a Record of Your Enrollment
After you switch, save any confirmation numbers, emails, or letters. This can help resolve any issues if your new coverage doesn’t activate correctly.
Step 6: Watch for Your New Plan Materials
You’ll receive:
A welcome packet and ID card from your new plan
Updated information on your benefits and coverage details
Information about your pharmacy network and how to fill prescriptions
Be sure to review everything carefully so you’re prepared when coverage starts.
What If You Miss Open Enrollment?
If you miss the AEP window, you may have to wait until the next year unless you qualify for a Special Enrollment Period (SEP) due to life events such as:
Moving to a new area
Losing other coverage
Getting Medicaid or Extra Help
Living in or leaving a nursing home
There’s also a separate Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment Period from January 1 to March 31, but it’s only for people already enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan.
When to Consider Staying with Original Medicare
If you’re considering leaving a Medicare Advantage plan and going back to Original Medicare, remember:
You may need to buy a Medigap plan to help with out-of-pocket costs
You can apply for Medigap during your 6-month open enrollment period after turning 65 and enrolling in Part B
Outside that window, insurers can deny coverage or charge more based on health
It’s a good idea to check whether Medigap will be available before dropping Medicare Advantage.
Final Thoughts
Medicare open enrollment gives you the opportunity to make sure your plan still meets your needs—and your budget. Even if you’ve had the same plan for years, don’t assume it’s still the best option. By taking a little time to compare and switch if needed, you can set yourself up for better care and fewer surprises in the year ahead. Don’t wait until the last minute—start your review early and make the most of your Medicare benefits.
